Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023

The Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023, with its 356 sections listed below.

Act number

45 of 2023

Year

2023

Published by

Ministry of Home Affairs

Edition

Ministry-published 2024 source copy

Sections

• 1. Short title, commencement and application
• 2. Definitions
• 3. General explanations
• 4. Punishments
• 5. Commutation of sentence
• 6. Fractions of terms of punishment
• 7. Sentence may be (in certain cases of imprisonment) wholly or partly rigorous or simple
• 8. Amount of fine, liability in default of payment of fine, etc
• 9. Limit of punishment of offence made up of several offences
• 10. Punishment of person guilty of one of several offences, judgment stating that it is doubtful of which
• 11. Limit of solitary confinement
• 12. Enhanced punishment for certain offences after previous conviction
• 13. Act done by a person bound, or by mistake of fact believing himself bound, by law
• 14. Solitary confinement
• 15. Act of Judge when acting judicially
• 16. Act done pursuant to judgment or order of Court
• 17. Act done by a person justified, or by mistake of fact believing himself justified, by law
• 18. Accident in doing a lawful act
• 19. Act likely to cause harm, but done without criminal intent, and to prevent other harm
• 20. Act of a child above seven and under twelve years of age of immature understanding
• 21. Act of a person of unsound mind
• 22. Act of a person incapable of judgment by reason of intoxication caused against his will
• 23. Offence requiring a particular intent or knowledge committed by one who is intoxicated
• 24. Act not intended and not known to be likely to cause death or grievous hurt, done by consent
• 25. Act not intended to cause death, done by consent in good faith for person's benefit
• 26. Act done in good faith for benefit of child or person of unsound mind, by, or by consent of guardian
• 27. Act of a child under seven years of age
• 28. Consent known to be given under fear or misconception
• 29. Exclusion of acts which are offences independently of harm caused
• 30. Act done in good faith for benefit of a person without consent
• 31. Communication made in good faith
• 32. Act to which a person is compelled by threats
• 33. Act causing slight harm
• 34. Things done in private defence
• 35. Right of private defence of body and of property
• 36. Right of private defence against act of a person of unsound mind, etc
• 37. Acts against which there is no right of private defence
• 38. When right of private defence of body extends to causing death
• 39. When such right extends to causing any harm other than death
• 40. Commencement and continuance of right of private defence of body
• 41. When right of private defence of property extends to causing death
• 42. When such right extends to causing any harm other than death
• 43. Commencement and continuance of right of private defence of property
• 44. Right of private defence against deadly assault when there is risk of harm to innocent person
• 45. Abetment of a thing
• 46. Abettor
• 47. Abetment in India of offences outside India
• 48. Abetment outside India for offence in India
• 49. Punishment of abetment if act abetted is committed in consequence and where no express provision is made for its punishment
• 50. Punishment of abetment if person abetted does act with different intention from that of abettor
• 51. Liability of abettor when one act abetted and different act done
• 52. Abettor when liable to cumulative punishment for act abetted and for act done
• 53. Liability of abettor for an effect caused by act abetted different from that intended by abettor
• 54. Abettor present when offence is committed
• 55. Abetment of offence punishable with death or imprisonment for life
• 56. Abetment of offence punishable with imprisonment
• 57. Abetting commission of offence by public or by more than ten persons
• 58. Concealing design to commit offence punishable with death or imprisonment for life
• 59. Public servant concealing design to commit offence which it is his duty to prevent
• 60. Concealing design to commit offence punishable with imprisonment
• 61. Criminal conspiracy
• 62. Punishment for attempting to commit offences punishable with imprisonment for life or other imprisonment
• 63. Rape
• 64. Punishment for rape
• 65. Punishment for rape in certain cases
• 66. Punishment for causing death or resulting in persistent vegetative state of victim
• 67. Sexual intercourse by husband upon his wife during separation
• 68. Sexual intercourse by a person in authority
• 69. Sexual intercourse by employing deceitful means, etc
• 70. Gang rape
• 71. Punishment for repeat offenders
• 72. Disclosure of identity of victim of certain offences, etc
• 73. Assault or use of criminal force to woman with intent to outrage her modesty
• 74. Sexual harassment
• 75. Assault or use of criminal force to woman with intent to disrobe
• 76. Voyeurism
• 77. Printing or publishing any matter relating to Court proceedings without permission
• 78. Stalking
• 79. Word, gesture or act intended to insult modesty of a woman
• 80. Dowry death
• 81. Cohabitation caused by man deceitfully inducing belief of lawful marriage
• 82. Marrying again during lifetime of husband or wife
• 83. Marriage ceremony fraudulently gone through without lawful marriage
• 84. Enticing or taking away or detaining with criminal intent a married woman
• 85. Husband or relative of husband of a woman subjecting her to cruelty
• 86. Kidnapping, abducting or inducing woman to compel her marriage, etc
• 87. Causing miscarriage
• 88. Cruelty defined
• 89. Death caused by act done with intent to cause miscarriage
• 90. Act done with intent to prevent child being born alive or to cause to die after birth
• 91. Causing death of quick unborn child by act amounting to culpable homicide
• 92. Exposure and abandonment of child under twelve years of age, by parent or person having care of it
• 93. Concealment of birth by secret disposal of dead body
• 94. Hiring, employing or engaging a child to commit an offence
• 95. Procuration of child
• 96. Kidnapping or abducting child under ten years of age with intent to steal from its person
• 97. Causing miscarriage without woman's consent
• 98. Selling child for purposes of prostitution, etc
• 99. Buying child for purposes of prostitution, etc
• 100. Culpable homicide
• 101. Murder
• 102. Culpable homicide by causing death of person other than person whose death was intended
• 103. Punishment for murder
• 104. Punishment for murder by life-convict
• 105. Punishment for culpable homicide not amounting to murder
• 106. Causing death by negligence
• 107. Abetment of suicide of child or person of unsound mind
• 108. Abetment of suicide
• 109. Attempt to murder
• 110. Attempt to commit culpable homicide
• 111. Organised crime
• 112. P e t t y organised crime
• 113. Terrorist act
• 114. Hurt
• 115. Voluntarily causing hurt
• 116. Grievous hurt
• 117. V oluntarily causing grievous hurt
• 118. Voluntarily causing hurt or grievous hurt to extort confession, or to compel restoration of property
• 119. Voluntarily causing hurt or grievous hurt by dangerous weapons or means
• 120. Voluntarily causing hurt or grievous hurt to extort property, or to constrain to an illegal act
• 121. Voluntarily causing hurt or grievous hurt to deter public servant from his duty
• 122. Voluntarily causing hurt or grievous hurt o n provocation
• 123. Causing hurt by means of poison, etc., with intent to commit an offence
• 124. Voluntarily causing grievous hurt by use of acid, etc
• 125. Act endangering life or personal safety of others
• 126. Wrongful restraint
• 127. Wrongful confinement
• 128. Force
• 129. Criminal force
• 130. Assault
• 131. Punishment for assault or criminal force otherwise than on grave provocation
• 132. Assault or criminal force to deter public servant from discharge of his duty
• 133. Assault or criminal force with intent to dishonour person, otherwise than on grave provocation
• 134. Assault or criminal force in attempt to commit theft of property carried by a person
• 135. Assault or criminal force in attempt to wrongfully confine a person
• 136. Section 136 BNS
• 137. Section 137 BNS
• 138. Section 138 BNS
• 139. Section 139 BNS
• 140. Kidnapping or abducting in order to murder or for ransom, etc
• 141. Importation of girl or boy from foreign country
• 142. Wrongfully concealing or keeping in confinement, kidnapped or abducted person
• 143. Trafficking of person
• 144. Exploitation of a trafficked person
• 145. Habitual dealing in slaves
• 146. Unlawful compulsory labour
• 147. Waging, or attempting to wage war, or abetting waging of war, against Government of India
• 148. Conspiracy to commit offences punishable by section 147
• 149. Collecting arms, etc., with intention of waging war against Government of India
• 150. Concealing with intent to facilitate design to wage war
• 151. Assaulting President, Governor, etc., with intent to compel or restrain exercise of any lawful power
• 152. Act endangering sovereignty, unity and integrity of India
• 153. Waging war against Government of any foreign State at peace with Government of India
• 154. Committing depredation on territories of foreign State at peace with Government of India
• 155. Receiving property taken by war or depredation mentioned in sections 153 and 154
• 156. Public servant voluntarily allowing prisoner of State or war to escape
• 157. Public servant negligently suffering such prisoner to escape
• 158. Aiding escape of, rescuing or harbouring such prisoner
• 159. Abetting mutiny, or attempting to seduce a soldier, sailor or airman from his duty
• 160. Abetment of mutiny, if mutiny is committed in consequence thereof
• 161. Abetment of assault by soldier, sailor or airman on his superior officer, when in execution of his office
• 162. Abetment of such assault, if assault committed
• 163. Abetment of desertion of soldier, sailor or airman
• 164. Harbouring deserter
• 165. Deserter concealed on board merchant vessel through negligence of master
• 166. Abetment of act of insubordination by soldier, sailor or airman
• 167. Persons subject to certain Acts
• 168. Wearing garb or carrying token used by soldier, sailor or airman
• 169. Candidate, electoral right defined
• 170. Bribery
• 171. Undue influence at elections
• 172. Personation at elections
• 173. Punishment for bribery
• 174. Punishment for undue influence or personation at an election
• 175. False statement in connection with an election
• 176. Illegal payments in connection with an election
• 177. Failure to keep election accounts
• 178. Counterfeiting coin, Government stamps, currency-notes or bank-notes
• 179. Using as genuine, forged or counterfeit coin, Government stamp, currency-notes or bank-notes
• 180. Possession of forged or counterfeit coin, Government stamp, currency-notes or bank-notes
• 181. Making or possessing instruments or materials for forging or counterfeiting coin, Government stamp, currency-notes or bank-notes
• 182. Making or using documents resembling currency-notes or bank-notes
• 183. Effacing writing from substance bearing Government stamp, or removing from document a stamp used for it, with intent to cause loss to Government
• 184. Using Government stamp known to have been before used
• 185. Erasure of mark denoting that stamp has been used
• 186. Prohibition of fictitious stamps
• 187. Person employed in mint causing coin to be of different weight or composition from that fixed by law
• 188. Unlawfully taking coining instrument from mint
• 189. Unlawful assembly
• 190. Every member of unlawful assembly guilty of offence committed in prosecution of common object
• 191. Rioting
• 192. Wantonly giving provocation with intent to cause riot-if rioting be committed; if n o t committed
• 193. Section 193 BNS
• 194. Section 194 BNS
• 195. Section 195 BNS
• 196. Section 196 BNS
• 197. Imputations, assertions prejudicial to national integration
• 198. Public servant disobeying law, with intent to cause injury to any person
• 199. Public servant disobeying direction under law
• 200. Punishment for nontreatment of victim
• 201. Public servant framing an incorrect document with intent to cause injury
• 202. Public servant unlawfully engaging in trade
• 203. Public servant unlawfully buying or bidding for property
• 204. Personating a public servant
• 205. Wearing garb or carrying token used by public servant with fraudulent intent
• 206. Absconding to avoid service of summons or other proceeding
• 207. Preventing service of summons or other proceeding, or preventing publication thereof
• 208. Nonattendance in obedience to an order from public servant
• 209. Nonappearance in response to a proclamation under section 84 of Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita, 2023
• 210. Omission to produce document or electronic record to public servant by person legally bound to produce it
• 211. Omission to give notice or information to public servant by person legally bound to give it
• 212. Furnishing false information
• 213. Refusing oath or affirmation when duly required by public servant to make it
• 214. Refusing to answer public servant authorised to question
• 215. Refusing to sign statement
• 216. False statement on oath or affirmation to public servant or person authorised to administer an oath or affirmation
• 217. False information, with intent to cause public servant to use his lawful power to injury of another person
• 218. Resistance to taking of property by lawful authority of a public servant
• 219. Obstructing sale of property offered for sale by authority of public servant
• 220. Illegal purchase or bid for property offered for sale by authority of public servant
• 221. Obstructing public servant in discharge of public functions
• 222. Omission to assist public servant when bound by law to give assistance
• 223. Disobedience to order duly promulgated by public servant
• 224. Threat of injury to public servant
• 225. Threat of injury to induce person to refrain from applying for protection to public servant
• 226. Attempt to commit suicide to compel or restrain exercise of lawful power
• 227. Giving false evidence
• 228. Fabricating false evidence
• 229. Punishment for false evidence
• 230. Giving or fabricating false evidence with intent to procure conviction of capital offence
• 231. Giving or fabricating false evidence with intent to procure conviction of offence punishable with imprisonment for life or imprisonment
• 232. Threatening any person to give false evidence
• 233. Using evidence known to be false
• 234. Issuing or signing false certificate
• 235. Using as true a certificate known to be false
• 236. False statement made in declaration which is by law receivable as evidence
• 237. Using as true such declaration knowing it to be false
• 238. Causing disappearance of evidence of offence, or giving false information to screen offender
• 239. Intentional omission to give information of offence by person bound to inform
• 240. Giving false information respecting an offence committed
• 241. Destruction of document or electronic record to prevent its production as evidence
• 242. False personation for purpose of act or proceeding in suit or prosecution
• 243. Fraudulent removal or concealment of property to prevent its seizure as forfeited or in execution
• 244. Fraudulent claim to property to prevent its seizure as forfeited or in execution
• 245. Fraudulently suffering decree for sum not due
• 246. Dishonestly making false claim in Court
• 247. Fraudulently obtaining decree for sum not due
• 248. False charge of offence made with intent to injure
• 249. Harbouring offender
• 250. Taking gift, etc., to screen an offender from punishment
• 251. Offering gift or restoration of property in consideration of screening offender
• 252. Taking gift to help to recover stolen property, etc
• 253. Harbouring offender who has escaped from custody or whose apprehension has been ordered
• 254. Penalty for harbouring robbers or dacoits
• 255. Public servant disobeying direction of law with intent to save person from punishment or property from forfeiture
• 256. Section 256 BNS
• 257. Section 257 BNS
• 258. Section 258 BNS
• 259. Section 259 BNS
• 260. Section 260 BNS
• 261. Resistance or obstruction by a person to his lawful apprehension
• 262. Escape from confinement or custody negligently suffered by public servant
• 263. Resistance or obstruction to lawful apprehension of another person
• 264. Omission to apprehend, or sufferance of escape, on part of public servant, in cases not otherwise provided for
• 265. Resistance or obstruction to lawful apprehension or escape or rescue in cases not otherwise provided for
• 266. Violation of condition of remission of punishment
• 267. Intentional insult or interruption to public servant sitting in judicial proceeding
• 268. Personation of assessor
• 269. Failure by person released on bail bond or bond to appear in Court
• 270. Public nuisance
• 271. Negligent act likely to spread infection of disease dangerous to life
• 272. Malignant act likely to spread infection of disease dangerous to life
• 273. Disobedience to quarantine rule
• 274. Adulteration of food or drink intended for sale
• 275. Sale of noxious food or drink
• 276. Adulteration of drugs
• 277. Sale of adulterated drugs
• 278. Sale of drug as a different drug or preparation
• 279. Fouling water of public spring or reservoir
• 280. Making atmosphere noxious to health
• 281. Rash driving or riding on a public way
• 282. Rash navigation of vessel
• 283. Exhibition of false light, mark or buoy
• 284. Conveying person by water for hire in unsafe or overloaded vessel
• 285. Danger or obstruction in public way or line of navigation
• 286. Negligent conduct with respect to poisonous substance
• 287. Negligent conduct with respect to fire or combustible matter
• 288. Negligent conduct with respect to explosive substance
• 289. Negligent conduct with respect to machinery
• 290. Negligent conduct with respect to pulling down, repairing or constructing buildings, etc
• 291. Negligent conduct with respect to animal
• 292. Punishment for public nuisance in cases not otherwise provided for
• 293. Continuance of nuisance after injunction to discontinue
• 294. Sale, etc., of obscene books, etc
• 295. Sale, etc., of obscene objects to child
• 296. Obscene acts and songs
• 297. Keeping lottery office
• 298. Injuring or defiling place of worship with intent to insult religion of any class
• 299. Deliberate and malicious acts, intended to outrage religious feelings of any class by insulting its religion or religious beliefs
• 300. Disturbing religious assembly
• 301. Trespassing on burial places, etc
• 302. Uttering words, etc., with deliberate intent to wound religious feelings of any person
• 303. Theft
• 304. Snatching
• 305. Theft in a dwelling house, or means of transportation or place of worship, etc
• 306. Theft by clerk or servant of property in possession of master
• 307. Theft after preparation made for causing death, hurt or restraint in order to committing of theft
• 308. Extortion
• 309. Robbery
• 310. Dacoity
• 311. Robbery, or dacoity, with attempt to cause death or grievous hurt
• 312. Attempt to commit robbery or dacoity when armed with deadly weapon
• 313. Punishment for belonging to gang of robbers, etc
• 314. Dishonest misappropriation ofproperty
• 315. Dishonest misappropriation ofproperty possessed by deceased person at the time of his death
• 316. Criminal breach of trust
• 317. Stolen property
• 318. Cheating
• 319. Cheating by personation
• 320. Dishonest or fraudulent removal or concealment of property to prevent distribution among creditors
• 321. Dishonestly or fraudulently preventing debt being available for creditors
• 322. Dishonest or fraudulent execution of deed of transfer containing false statement o f consideration
• 323. Dishonest or fraudulent removal or concealment of property
• 324. Mischief
• 325. Mischief by killing or maiming animal
• 326. Mischief by injury, inundation, fire or explosive substance, etc
• 327. Mischief with intent to destroy or make unsafe a rail, aircraft, decked vessel or one of twenty tons burden
• 328. Punishment for intentionally running vessel aground or ashore with intent to commit theft, etc
• 329. Criminal trespass and house-trespass
• 330. House-trespass and housebreaking
• 331. Punishment for house-trespass or housebreaking
• 332. House-trespass in order to commit offence
• 333. House-trespass after preparation for hurt, assault or wrongful restraint
• 334. Dishonestly breaking open receptacle containing property
• 335. Making a false document
• 336. Forgery
• 337. Forgery of record of Court or of public register, etc
• 338. Forgery of valuable security, will, etc
• 339. Having possession of document described in section 337 or section 338, knowing it to be forged and intending to use it as genuine
• 340. Forged document or electronic record and using it as genuine
• 341. Making or possessing counterfeit seal, etc., with intent to commit forgery punishable under section 338
• 342. Counterfeiting device or mark used for authenticating documents described in section 338, or possessing counterfeit marked material
• 343. Fraudulent cancellation, destruction, etc., of will, authority to adopt, or valuable security
• 344. Falsification of accounts
• 345. Property mark
• 346. Tampering with property mark with intent to cause injury
• 347. Counterfeiting a property mark
• 348. Making or possession of any instrument for counterfeiting a property mark
• 349. Selling goods marked with a counterfeit property mark
• 350. Making a false mark upon any receptacle containing goods
• 351. Criminal intimidation
• 352. Intentional insult with intent to provoke breach of peace
• 353. Statements conducing to public mischief
• 354. Act caused by inducing person to believe that he will be rendered an object of Divine displeasure
• 355. Misconduct in public by a drunken person
• 356. Defamation

For research. Check the official gazette and later amendments before citing a section.